system info in linux

Linux comes with several good utilities for getting detailed information inside your linux box.
Commands like lspci, dmesg and /proc.

1. lspci -list all pci devices.

[root@rsc ~]#/sbin/lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE DRAM Controller/Host-Hub Interface (rev 03)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE Chipset Integrated Graphics Device (rev 03)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-M) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 82)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL (ICH4/ICH4-L) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 02)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801DB (ICH4) IDE Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) SMBus Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.5 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Audio Controller (rev 02)
01:04.0 Multimedia audio controller: Creative Labs SB Live! EMU10k1 (rev 0a)
01:04.1 Input device controller: Creative Labs SB Live! Game Port (rev 0a)
01:06.0 Communication controller: Conexant Unknown device 2702 (rev 01)
01:09.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4401 100Base-T (rev 01)
[root@rsc ~]#

Note: Use the -v or -vv flags to display more information:

2. dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer
[root@rsc ~]# dmesg |grep -i cpu
Initializing CPU#0
CPU 0 irqstacks, hard=c079f000 soft=c077f000
CPU: After generic identify, caps: bfebfbff 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000400 00000000 00000000
CPU: Trace cache: 12K uops, L1 D cache: 8K
CPU: L2 cache: 512K
CPU: Hyper-Threading is disabled
CPU: After all inits, caps: bfebf3ff 00000000 00000000 00000080 00000400 00000000 00000000
Intel machine check reporting enabled on CPU#0.
CPU0: Intel P4/Xeon Extended MCE MSRs (12) available
CPU0: Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.80GHz stepping 07
Brought up 1 CPUs
ACPI: Processor [CPU0] (supports 2 throttling states)

3. /proc - process information pseudo-filesystem
#cd /proc
#cat meminfo - memory information
#cat cpuinfo -
#cat partitions - show all partitions available
#cat swaps -show assign swap partition
#etc..